Biographical Sketch of Shri Aurobindo
Shri Aurobindo was born in 15 August, 1872 in a very rich family of Calcutta. His father Shri Krishnaghan Ghosh was renowned Doctor and he admires the Western culture. Even servants communicate in English in his family. His father was a very kind person. He was brought up in such family.
Shri Aurobindo’s primary education was started 1877 in Darjeeling’s ‘Loreto Convent School’. This was a well known English school of that time. After two years, in 1879 he and his brother and sister were sent to England for education. In England the responsibility of his education was given to Drivate couple. He learnt the French language form them. In 1885 he took admission in Saint Paul School in London where he learnt Greek language. He got a scholarship of Cambridge ‘Kings College’ in 1889. There he learnt languages like French, Italian, Spanish, and German. In 1890 from behest of his father he attained the ‘Indian Civil Services (ICS) exam and passed the exam. But he didn’t like to serve under the British Empire so didn’t appeared the horse riding test. In 1893 he to returned India.
After returning to India he firstly joined as an administrative officer for the then state of Baroda. After that Baroda State, ‘State college Of Baroda’ appointed he as a Professor of French Language. And after some time they appointed him also the professor of English Language. And later he became the Principal of that college. In Baroda he studied the languages like Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati. He also studied the Literature of the respective languages. From that he acknowledges the Indian culture. He was married in the year of 1901, but his married life not much made any difference in his study, speculation and thoughtfulness. He was always occupied in his studies. After reading Bhagavat Geeta his life turned. The impact of Geeta motivated him to free India from of British and towards philosophy. In 1906 he resigned from the position of college principal, and jumped into the National Freedom Movement.
In 1906 in Calcutta’s ‘National College’ he took the charge of Principle. At that time it was the center place of National Movement. He was the Editor Of the ‘VandeMatram’, revolutionary newsletter of that time. He was sent jail by British in 1907 because of his revolutionary writing but he was released after few months of imprisonment. The bomb explosion in the year of 1908 that his link with it, British again prisoner him. He had some different experiences at this time. Whenever he looks at the prison and its objects he visualizes as a Lord Krishna. And that experience raises his mind in the thought of How to protect the nation form Brititshor’s and the thoughts of Sat sang (With a Good Company) Dharma. After imprisonment this thought became more powerful. The British rule was watching closely his every moments and he created problems for them. To escape from the British Rule went to Chandra Nagar on the day of 10 Feb, 1910. From there Shri Aurobindo moved to Pondicherry on day of 4 April 1910. Form 160 K.M.Southern point of Pondicherry Madras there is one harbor port situated. In that period it was ruled by French People. He lived with four young partners taken a rented house. That area they were free from British rule. In such kind of free environment gives him a chance to turn his mind into Meditation of Yoga. From that his life turns into a new chapter.
Now Shri Aurobindo practices Yoga Sadahana (Accustom) and that house were become the center of yoga sadahana. On the day of 29 March, 1914 one French woman named Mira Richard met Shri Aurobindo and impressed by his yoga practices. And she stared to give the alarms freely to develop the center. On 15 August, 1914 Shri Aurobindo started publishing a Philosophical Newsletter named ‘Arya’ and from this medium he conveyed his philosophical thought to command men. And that moment he became a very famous person all over that region. From the date of 24 April, 1920 the French lady Mira Richard permanently became the member of the Ashram and she gives helpful hands for the betterment of the Ashram. And when she stated the member of Ashram more pupils or visitors were coming to Ashram. Many new houses were arranged to accommodate them and arrangements were made for their food.
Shri Aurobindo carried his habituation, he continued his writing and he gives speech along with habituation. This Ashram was organized in 1926. On same year on 26 November, 1926 Shri Aurobindo got blessing (Karma Fala). Now he strongly believes that he had have that Supreme power which hold the whole Universe, It’s Past, Present, Future, and he can see all the things and understand it. Onwards Shri Aurobindo lived a very lonely life, he appeared among the public only for the four days for the year. At that moment Francis Lady Mira Richard was known as Shri Maa. She gives the message to pupils of Ashram and public. In 2 December, 1943 Ashram School was established in the Shri Aurobindo Ashrama. In that school they created a concrete form of Shri Aurbondo’s Educational thoughts. He stared his journey towards the eternal world by leaving behind the Physical World. The Eyewitnesses said that from the body of Shri Aurobindo the eternal light was shining for more than 111 hours.
Philosophical Thought of Shri Aurobindo
Shri Aurobindo was a great follower of Bhagawat Geeta. He defines Karma Yoga and Meditation Yoga form the book of Geeta in a scientific way. From his point of view Yoga is combination of Physic and Supreme Energy (God). In the other words Yoga is best tool form which even Men can have an experience of Supreme Energy. Shri Aurobindo never advice to engrossed into Brahma by having Yoga sadhana but instead he wants to take all the men‘s ignorance, darkness, after life knowledge into frightful and a necterful of life. That is why his philosophy often called as a Sarvang Yoga Philosophy. To understand his Yoga we have to know its Metaphysi Knowledge and even Philosophical Nature and its importance, and even its code of conduct.
Metaphysics of Shri Aurobindo‘s Sarvanga Philosophy
God is Creator of the entire Universe, he believes. Then there rise a question, how can God Create this Universe. Shri Aurobindo answered this question in terms of evolution. Form his point of view there has been two ways: Disembarkation and Embarkation. Further he states that Brahma (Creator) creates or made this Universe by disembarkation. He divided Disembarkation into seven steps: Supreme Truth → Soul → Eternal Happiness → Supreme Psyche → Psyche →Vital Life →Material. His logic is that through nature of these Materialistic World men embarks to Supreme Truth. There are also seven steps of this thing. Material → Vital Life → Mind → Super Mind → Eternal Happiness → Soul → Supreme Truth. He accepted Brahma as a Supreme truth and God as a combination of Supreme Truth+ Soul+ Eternal Happiness. He accepted Atma as as a Geeta’s main form. From the point of view Atama he have had two nature of Supreme Being: one is Eternal Happiness and soul. And this Atma travels through many forms of cunts and it takes from of Man and through its physical medium it steps forward to Truth.
Shri Aurobindo takes human being also a developed creature. His thoughts that after taking a birth human actually cleared two steps of development to Truth, Aurobindo adheres that the final destination or goal of human race is Truth+ Soul+Eternal Happiness means to quest of God.
On the process of development of human beings Shri Aurobindo stated that to achieve materialistics progress it is important to have a knowledge of a Materialistics World which should acquired through scenes and for Eternal Happiness inner development one should have Knowledge of Atam (Soul), and which can acquired any actions set of Yoga (yama, Rules, Sets, Pranayama, Pratyahara weaning away from Food, conception, Mediation And Trance). For this reason HE Strongly recommends Good Education. Points of Shri Aurobindo through education its furthermost duty of human to acquire knowledge of Materials and Life Force (Prana), and after that trying to get the knowledge of Supreme Being, Happiness, Soul and Truth. And for this reason one should have a healthy physic, pure heart and Austere Life style.
Shri Aurobindo’s Sarvanga Yoga, its Philosophical Metaphysics
Shri Aurobindo believes that source of Brahma is the coomen between the Materialistic, Spiritual Nature, and for that reason it is necessary to have the Knowledge of the Indifferences of between these two things can be an only True Knowledge. He divided Knowledge into Two forms in terms of experiment- Physical and Knowledge of Soul. He thinks that Knowledge of Matter is ordinary and the Soul Knowledge is the Highest Knowledge. In his point Physical Knowledge through the senses and Soul Knowledge by Conscience. For Soul Knowledge adheres Yoga and it’s Action (Yam, Rules, Sets, Pranayama, Pratyahara, Conception, Meditation is necessary).
Values and Metaphysics of Shri Aurobindo’s Yoga Philosophy
Shri Aurobindo declares seven steps for Embarkation → Materiel → Vital Life → Mind → Super Mind, Eternal Happiness → Soul → Truth. His thought from taking birth human being clears the steps of Material Life and Mental. After having birth he has to take the form of Super Animus he has to acquire: Eternal Happiness → Soul → Truth. According him the final goal or the destination of human race is to have eternal Happiness + Soul + Truth. And for that reason he has given two ways from Bhagvat Geeta.: Karma Yoga and Meditation Yoga a form which Yogi never escapes form world. Through Non Detachments he never left his duties by having A Meditation for Truth+ Soul + Eternal + Happiness. It is a necessary to have a healthy Physic, Mind which is not affected by disorder and astute Life style. For this reason he has given Yoga’s Activity. (Yam, Rules, Sets, Pranayama, Pratyahara, Conception, Meditation and Trance and its Importance. And, from his point of view this all should be a Demeanor of human being.
